Computer Science with Python Textbook -Class 12 (2026-27)

Programming is crucial for developing the capacity to innovate and solve global problems. It is also important in our day-to-day lives to enhance the power of computers and the Internet. An essential step towards learning innovative programming solutions is through Python programming, which this book has at its core.

Python is a popular object-oriented language used for both stand-alone programs and scripting applications across a variety of domains. This book presents a contemporary approach to programming, with a focus on principles of good programming, such as clarity, legibility, and efficiency in program design. Thus, an interactive programming style has been emphasized/expressed throughout the book.

The book deals with advanced concepts of the Python Programming Language, Functions in Python, Exception Handling, Data File Handling, Data Structure, Relational Database Management System (SQL), Python-MySQL connectivity, and Computer Networks. However, an overview of Python Libraries has been included in the Appendices, which may be referred for project work.

The book's text is presented in a student-friendly and easy-to-comprehend language. Each chapter provides tested, debugged, and error-free code with screenshots. With easy-to-understand examples, practical implementations, problem-solving, and case-based questions, students will learn how to design programs' logic and implement them using Python.

Based on the CBSE curriculum, the book has been divided into three units:

Unit I: Computational Thinking and Programming-2 – Chapters 1 – 5
This unit contains five chapters covering a review of Python studied in Class XI, the concept of functions and modules in Python, Exception Handling using try-except-finally blocks, Text, Binary file-handling operations involving read, write and append operations and CSV file-handling operations involving reading from a CSV file and writing into a CSV file, Standard input-output and error streams and relative and absolute paths for a file and besides, implementing Python Data Structures, viz. Stacks using Lists have also been thoroughly discussed.

Unit II: Computer Networks – Chapter 6
This unit covers the concepts of Computer Networking, the Evolution of Networking, Data Communication terminologies, Transmission Media, Network Devices such as Hubs, Switches, Repeaters, Gateways, Routers, Wi-Fi Cards, Ethernet Cards, etc., Network Topologies and Protocols, Introduction to Web Services such as WWW, Website, Web Server, Web Hosting, DNS, etc., and Setting up a Computer Network.

Unit III: Database Management – Chapters 7 and 8
This unit covers Database Concepts, Relational Database Model, SQL Commands, and Aggregate Functions such as SUM(), AVG(), COUNT(), MAX() and MIN(), along with important SQL Clauses such as GROUP BY, HAVING and ORDER BY. It also covers the concept of SQL Joins, viz—Equi-join, Natural join, and Python-MySQL Connectivity.